新托福考试阅览新题型

新托福阅览考试新题型新托福考试OG列出了阅览的10种题型：
     
1. Factual information questions (朴实细节)
     
2. Negative factual information questions (否定细节)
     
3. Inference questions (推理题)
     
4. Rhetorical purpose questions (修辞意图题)
     
5. Vocabulary questions (词汇题)
     
6. Reference questions (指代题)
     
7. Sentence simplification questions (语句简化题)
     
8. Insert text question (语句刺进题)
     
9. Prose summary (内容摘要题)
     
10. Fill in a table (表格归类题)
    
但实践上，新托福考试阅览傍边还考了一些OG中没罗列出来的标题：
     
一.段间联系归纳题：这种标题要求考生归纳出2个天然段间的逻辑联系。比方说《THE CAMBRIAN EXPLOSION》这篇文章的第6题。
     
6. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Paragraph2 and Paragraph3?
     
Paragraph2 puts forward several scientific claims, one of which is rejected in Paragraph3
     
Paragraph2 poses several questions, and Paragraph3offers a possible answer to one of them
     
Paragraph2 presents outdated traditional views, while Paragraph3presents the current scientific conclusions.
     
Paragraph2 introduces a generalization that is illustrated by specific examples in Paragraph3
     
二.修辞手法题：这种标题是修辞意图的变体。OG中大大都标题只调查一个词组的修辞意图，而实践考试会对一句话乃至整段话的修辞意图进行调查。一个是考修辞目标，一个是考修辞的手法。比方说，《Meteorite Impact and Dinosaur Extinction》这篇文章第2题：
     
2. In paragraph 2, why does the author include the information that dinosaurs had flourished for tens of millions of years and then suddenly disappeared?
     
To support the claim that the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous is the best-documented of the dozen or so mass extinctions in the geological record
     
To explain why as many as half of the species on Earth at the time are believed to have become extinct at the end of the Cretaceous
     
To explain why paleontologists have always been intrigued by the mass extinction at the end of the Cretaceous
     
To provide evidence that an impact can be large enough to disturb the environment of the entire planet and cause an ecological disaster
     
三.阶段结构题：这儿标题考察的是文章阶段的构架，能够算是新题型。比方：《THE ORIGINS OF THEATER》这篇文章的第9题，
     
9. Which of the following best describes the organization of paragraph 5?
     
The author presents two theories for a historical phenomenon.
     
The author argues against theories expressed earlier in the passage.
     
The author argues for replacing older theories with a new one.
     
The author points out problems with two popular theories.

四. 阶段主题题：这种标题考察的是整个阶段的主题，能够说是老托福阶段主题题的连续：
     
比方《Petroleum Resources》这篇文章的12题：
     
12.In paragraph 6, the author’s primary purpose is to
     
Provide examples of how oil exploration can endanger the environment
     
Describe accidents that have occurred when oil activities were in progress
     
Give an analysis of the effects of oil spills on the environment
     
Explain how technology and legislation help reduce oil spills
     
五. 双选题：其实不只仅在听力考试之中有双选题，阅览考试之中也是有双选题的，仅仅ETS有或许觉得这点并不重要，因而没有告诉偶们，比方请见：《The Geologic History of the Mediterranean》这篇文章第5题。
     
5. Select the TWO answer choice from paragraph 3 that identify materials discovered in the deepest part of the Mediterranean basin. To receive credit you must select TWO answers.
     
Volcanic rock fragments.
    
This silt layers
     
Soft, deep-sea mud
     
Crystalline salt
     
以及《THE RISE OF TEOTIHUACAN》这篇文章第11题：

11. Select the TWO answer choices that are mentioned in paragraph 5 as being features of Teotihuacán that may have attracted immigrants to the city. To receive credit, you must select TWO answers.
     
The prosperity of the elite
     
Plenty of available housing
     
Opportunities for well-paid agricultural employment
     
The presence of one or more religious shrines
     
除此以外，OG关于新托福考试阅览题型的出现办法也与实在考试有必定间隔，如：
     
一.细节题的阅览跨度：OG中大大都标题只考一段，可是实践考试会有一道标题考2段、乃至是3段的状况。比方《GROUNDWATER》这篇文章的第10题：
     
10. According to paragraphs 6 and 7, why is basalt unlike most crystalline forms of rock?
     
It is unusually solid
     
It often has high porosity.
     
It has a low proportion of empty space.
     
It is highly permeable.
     
二.语句改写题的语句杂乱性：实在考题比OG中的语句改写题要长许多，并且逻辑联系也更杂乱。
     
三.指代题：OG指代题考得不少，实在考试指代题考得很少。
    
四.选项长度:真题的选项长度长许多。
     
五.细节题题干关键字没有在原文直接给出。这让考生定位细节难度大幅度添加。不过说句公道话，其实在老托福考试就现已这样了，并不是在新托福考试之中独有的。比方《Depletion of the Ogallala Aquifer》这篇文章的第11题。
     
11.Paragraph 5 mentions which of the following as a source of difficulty for some farmers who try to conserve water?
     
Crops that do not need much water are difficult to grow in the High Plains.
     
Farmers who grow crops that need a lot of water make higher profits.
     
Irrigating less frequently often leads to crop failure.
     
Few farmers are convinced that the aquifer will eventually run dry.
     
六. 文章的杂乱程度：这个也不必说了，OG的文章结构性十分显着，就好像看CCAV的新闻联播相同;实在考试的文章结构纠结多了，就好像看本届世界杯相同。比方：《The Long-Term Stability of Ecosystems》和《Colonizing the Americas via the Northwest Coast》这两篇文章。
    
新托福考试阅览部分其实并不存在真的所谓“新题型”，这些题型也是有规则可循的，考生们在备考时多加留意就没什么值得惧怕的。