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中考作文:谈论文

作者:    文章来历:中考    更新时刻:2007-8-20

写法辅导
  
  谈论文是以谈论为首要表达方式,经过摆现实、讲道理来直接标明作者见地或建议的文章。
  观念、论据和证明,是谈论文缺一不可的要素。观念是作者对所谈论问题所持的观念或建议;论据是用来证明观念的现实和道理;证明是用论据证明观念的进程和办法。这三要素的联系是:观念提出“要证明什么”,即提出要证明的观念;论据答复“用什么事证明”,即摆呈现实或道理名言等;证明处理“怎样去证明”。关于初学写作的学生来说,证明便是写剖析语,借以打开谈论。
  在考试中,作文要想得高分,除了有厚实的基础常识,更要把握写作的技巧。只要把平常点滴的堆集和应试技巧灵敏地结合起来,才干获得事半功倍的效果。以下是在中考谈论文中应留意的几个方面。
  一、立意新颖
  也便是在谈论文中要求同学们表达自己观念,立意要新,防止千人一面。只要别出心裁、观念新颖的文章才是好文章。尤其要重视社会抢手,如环保、非典、减轻中学生课业负担等体裁。
  二、结构明晰
  谈论文的三要素是“观念,论据,证明”。同学们首先应清晰论述自己的观念,再以论据进行证明。所以,谈论文的结构最好是分段论述,如:可用“First,Second,...Finally”或“First of all”“At last”“At the end of”等清晰表明其次序性的词在每段最初,这样就能给人一望而知的感觉。
  三、留意用词
  既然是谈论文就免不了要表达自己的观念。咱们要尽量防止呈现“I think”这样的语句,可用“I believe”“I hold the opinion that”或“I have the idea that”等。其他,当咱们要用许多语句来表达一个意思的时分,可以用重复的词汇。除此之外,咱们还要留意不要写过于冷僻的单词和语句,坚持卷面整齐,笔迹清楚。
  
  例文一
  
  what Can Money Bring Us
  Today more and more people wish to get more money. They think money is everything. They say," Money makes the mare go( 有钱能使鬼推磨)." If they have a lot of money, their dreams will become true, living a happy life, having a good house to live in,owning(具有) a famous car to drive and so on. In a word, they can do everything they like with money. They can get whatever they want.
  In a way, of course, money is really very important to us all. Without money, we can do nothing and can't live on. But we must know that money can't bring us everything. With money, we can buy many things indeed, but we can't buy knowledge, precious(名贵的) time, true love and so on. These are the most precious things in the world. If a person has none of them, though he has a great deal of money, he is still poor. Not all people can become rich. In order to get more money, some people even break the law, stealing, robbing, cheating or doing something wrong. At last they get punished( 赏罚 ) and even sent to prison.
  However, money can not only bring us happiness but also misery(不幸). If money doesn't bring people real happiness, it has no value (价值) itself. We must know clearly that money doesn't mean everything.
  
  译文
  
  钱能给咱们带来件么
  当今越来越多的人期望弄到更多的钱。他们以为金钱便是全部。他们说:“有钱能使鬼推磨。”假如那些人有许多金钱,他们会愿望成真地过着一种美好的日子。有好房子住,具有名牌轿车等。总归,他们用金钱能做到他们喜爱做的全部,他们能得到他们想要的全部东西。
  当然,从某种意义上来讲,金钱对咱们都很重要。没有钱,咱们无法就事,乃至无法日子下去。可是,应该认识到金钱不能带给人全部。金钱能买到许多东西,但买不到常识,也买不到名贵的时刻、真实的爱等等。这些都是世界上最名贵的东西。假如一个人没有常识、没有时刻、没有爱,纵然再有钱,他也是赤贫的。不是全部的人都能变成财主。为了弄到更多的钱,有些人乃至违犯法令,偷、抢、骗或做其他坏事。最终他们会遭到赏罚,乃至被送进监狱。
  金钱不只能给咱们带来美好,并且也能给咱们带来不幸。假如金钱给人们带来的不是真实的美好,金钱就失去了本身的价值。咱们有必要清楚地认识到,金钱并不意味着全部。
  
  名师点评
  
  本文思路明晰,客观、公正地点评了钱的效果。层次分明,言语标准,简练有力,使人们认识到金钱不是全能的。
  文章适可而止地引用了“Money makes the mare go”——社会上撒播的一些人的金钱观,并进行了批驳。一方面作者承认了金钱的重要,如没钱办不成事是有的,没钱乃至日子不下去也是有的,但是作者又以充沛的论据论说了金钱并非全能,它买不来常识、买不到时刻等。很有说服力。
  文章中运用最佳的词语和句型有:a good house to live in,become true, bring sb.sth,a lot of,of course,and so on,not all...等。此外,文章中还恰当地运用了宾语从句、状语从句以及动词get。这都值得初学写作者学习。
  
  例文二
  
   Please Protect the Nature
  One afternoon in the summer vacation, Lin Ping, a friend of mine, and I went fish- ing. That was a beautiful day. We talked and laughed as we walked to the river near my home. The river wasn't very wide, and the water didn't run quickly. So we used to get lots of fish there.

After we got there, we first found a good place, then baited our hooks and threw them into the water. We waited and waited. One hour passed, we got nothing! I became impatient. ① Just before I decided to go, Lin Ping lifted a little fish. It cheered us though it was a little one. We fished on.
  After a while, I lifted something heavy out of water, too. But there was nothing but some rubbish! How disappointed I was! We got only two little fish that whole after- noon.
  "Why are there so few fish now?" I ②thought to myself on my way home but I couldn't understand. I thought and thought. ③Now I find the answer. The factories along the river often pour rubbish and waste water into the river, so the river is polluted. That kills a lot of the fish which used to be in the river.
  I can't imagine what the world would be like if the water all over the world is pol- luted,no fish or bird,no beasts or other living things. We'll be punished(赏罚) by the nature. I want to say to the managers of the factories, "Please keep the water clean and the air fresh. Please protect the nature!"
  
  译文
  
  请维护大天然
  暑假的一天下午,我的一个朋友林平缓我一同去垂钓。那是美丽的一天,咱们边说边笑来到我家邻近的小河旁。小河不太宽,河水流得不太快,曩昔咱们常常在那里钓到许多鱼。
  抵达那里后,我俩先找个好地方,接着准备好饵钩扔向水里。咱们等呀等,一个小时曩昔了,没有任何动态!无法忍受了,我正决议离去时,林平钓了一条小鱼。尽管鱼不大,却给咱们带来了期望。咱们接着钓。
  过了一瞬间,我的鱼钩漂动了,拉出来一看,是一些脏东西。我绝望极了!整个下午咱们只钓了两条小鱼。
  “现在河里的鱼为什么这么少呢?”在回家的路上我想,但我不明白。我想了又想,总算找到了答案。本来沿河的工厂常常往河里倾倒垃圾、排放污水,河水被污染了,许多往日在这河里生计的鱼儿,渐渐地死掉了。
  假如世界上的水像这样污染下去,不难想象咱们的地球将来会是什么姿态,没有鱼、鸟,没有野兽或许其他生物。咱们将遭到大天然的赏罚,我要对工厂司理们说:“请维护环境,请维护大天然。”
  
  名师点评
  作者长于调查、长于考虑,选取家园小河的改变,阐明环境污染带来的损害,并宣布呼喊:要维护天然。
  文章中很好地运用了已学到的言语材料、词语、句型等常识。如:one af ternoon,a friend of mine,used to do sth.,lots of, get there, throw...into...,after a while,out of,nothing but...,a lot of,,all over the world, no...or...等。文章中还用了状语从句、并列句、宾语从句、定语从句以及get.
  现在谈谈标数码的几个语句:
  ①“Just before”应改用“when”才契合句法常规。②“I thought to myself”应改成“I said to myself”才正确。由于在中“think to oneself”是“揣摩;深思”之意,而“say to oneself是“想”,如:He said to himself that there was something wrong with the bike.他想自行车是出了缺点。③依据全文意思,这个语句应改成I knew:“The factories along the river often pour...which used to be in the river.”这样才契合时态一致性准则。

中考词组总温习
中考满分作文赏识
中考句法常识考题演练及答案
中考语法易错题汇编及剖析(五)
连词

中考作文:谈论文
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