V-ing由动词加-ing构成,具有名词的语法特征,在语句中能够做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等成分,一起它还具有动词的特征,能够带自己的宾语和状语,构成V-ing短语。
1.V-ing方法作主语
(1)V-ing方法作主语往往表明比较抽象的动作。如:
Fishing is his favorite hobby,and collecting coins also gives himgreat pleasure.
垂钓是他的喜好,搜集硬币也给他带来趣味。
(2)V-ing方法作主语时,也可用it作方法主语,常用于It is nouse/no good/doing sth.句型。如:
It's no use doing like this.这么做是没用的。
2.V-ing方法作宾语
以下情况下V-ing方法作宾语:finish,suggest,appreciate,consider,practice,miss,imagine,feel like,enjoy,risk,mind等及物动词以及keep on,insist on,put 0ff等短语后边需接-ing方法作宾语。如:
I would appreciate your calling back this afternoon.
你假如今天下午回电话的话,我会很感谢的。
3.V-ing方法复合结构作主语和宾语
(1)V-ing方法前能够加逻辑主语来着重其动作执行者,该逻辑主语常为描述词性物主代词或名词所有格。带逻辑主语的-ing方法常作主语和宾语。如:
Wang Ming's passing the exam made her very happy.
王敏经过这次考试使她很快乐。
Would you mind my smoking here?
你介怀我在这儿吸烟吗?
(2)假如V-ing方法的逻辑主语不出现在句首,可用人称代词宾格替代描述词物主代词,或用名词遍及格替代名词所有格。如:
I appreciate your/you coming to see me.
我很感谢你来看我。
I look forward to Wang Ming's,Wang Ming helping me.
我期望王敏协助我。
(3)V-ing方法作表语。如:
The news is surprising.
这音讯令人惊奇。
(4)V-ing方法作定语。如:
We are strangers.sharing a sleeping car on the train.
咱们互不知道,却同在一个卧铺车厢里。
(5)V-ing方法作状语。
①用在by,in之后,表明方法。如:
We can change ice into water by hearing it.
经过加热咱们能够把冰变成水。
②用在with,without,instead Of等之后,表明随同。如:
She passed me without saying a word.
她从我身边走过去,没有说一句话。