高中语法|虚拟口气xml:namespace prefix = "o" ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" />
1. 规矩虚拟：即含if 从句的复合句，标明与现实相反。（见表格）
|
时刻 |
if从句 |
主句 |
|
对将来 |
Did(were) / were to + do / should + do |
would / could / might / should + do |
|
对现在 |
did(were) |
同上 |
|
对曩昔 |
had done |
would / could / might / should + have done |
留意：
1) 穿插时刻虚拟：即主、从句不在同一时刻，留意各自的时态。
2) 虚拟中的倒装：如if从句中含should, had, were等，可将其置于句首，且省掉if。
3) 介短、副词替代if从句：如without, but for, in the absence of (假如没有), or, otherwise
2. 标明主张、要求、劝说、指令类词 + 名从中的虚拟，从句动词:(should) do
适用词群：advise, demand, desire, , insist, order, propose, recommend, require, suggest, urge等及其它们的名词、形容词、曩昔分词等，后跟名从。
留意：当insist为“坚持已发作或存在的现实”，suggest为“暗示、标明”时，要用陈说口气，即实践时态。
3. wish等词 + 从句：从句时态向后退一格： 即标明现在用did / were / was; 标明曩昔用had done。
适用词群：wish, as if /though, If only(要……就好了), would rather, It is (about / high) time 等。
4. 神态动词 + have done 表虚拟：
should / ought to have done 本应该做（实践没做，含“责怪”之意）
could / might have done 本能够做（实践未做）
needn’t have done 本没必要做 (实践做了)
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would rather have done 原本想要做某事(但
had better have done 未做)
mean/intend to have done
5. 句型：
1) If it were not for…, I would / should / might / could + do
“要不是……，我现在就……。”（对现在的虚拟）
If it had not been for…, I would / should / might / could + have done.
“要不是……，我其时就……。”（对曩昔的虚拟）
2) It is important / necessary / natural / strange /essential…+ 从句
It is a shame / pity / no wonder…+ 从句.
以上从句谓语动词皆为：(should) do
3) had hoped / expected / intended / planned /…+ to do 本期望 / 打当作……(但未做成)
